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道格拉斯·默里 Douglas Murray 欧洲的奇异死亡
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Murray_(author)
1979年7月16日出生[1])是一位英国[2]保守派政治评论员、文化评论家、作家和记者。他是英国保守派政治文化杂志《旁观者》(The Spectator)的副主编,并经常为《泰晤士报》、《每日电讯报》、《太阳报》、《每日邮报》、《纽约邮报》、《国家评论》(National Review)、《自由新闻》(The Free Press)以及UnHerd等媒体撰稿。[3]
他著有《新保守主义:为什么我们需要它》(Neoconservatism: Why We Need It,2006年)、《欧洲的奇异死亡:移民、身份与伊斯兰教》(The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam,2017年)、《群体的疯狂:性别、种族与身份》(The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity,2019年)、《针对西方的战争》(The War on the West,2022年)以及《论民主与死亡崇拜:以色列、哈马斯与西方的未来》(On Democracies and Death Cults: Israel, Hamas and the Future of the West,2025年)等书。[4]
2011年至2018年间,默里曾担任保守派智库“亨利·杰克逊协会”(Henry Jackson Society)的副主任。
默里对欧洲的移民政策及伊斯兰教持批评态度。[5] 2023年10月7日袭击事件发生后,他因公开支持以色列而在国际上广为人知。[6][7][8]
默里既受到保守派的赞誉,也招致了其他人的批评。[9][10][11] 学术期刊《种族与族裔研究》(Ethnic and Racial Studies)和《民族认同》(National Identities)刊载的文章将他的观点与“伊斯兰恐惧症”联系起来[5][12];此外,也有人指出他宣扬极右翼思想,包括“欧拉伯”(Eurabia)、“大置换”(Great Replacement)以及“文化马克思主义”等阴谋论。[13][14][15][16][17]
早年生活与教育背景
默里出生于伦敦汉默史密斯(Hammersmith)。他的母亲是一位英国学校教师,父亲则是一位来自刘易斯岛(Isle of Lewis)、讲盖尔语的苏格兰人,曾担任公务员。他还有一位哥哥。[18][19]在接受《先驱报》(The Herald)采访时,默里表示,他父亲原本只是打算在伦敦作短暂停留,但在结识他母亲后便留了下来。默里还提到,在他成长过程中,父母“鼓励在餐桌上进行深入探讨”,但“他们两人都不热衷于政治”。[20]
默里曾就读于当地的公立小学和中学,随后进入了一所由旧式文法学校(grammar school)改制而成的综合中学。2011年,他在回忆这段经历时写道:“我父母当时得到的承诺是,这所学校会保留旧式文法学校的教学标准和校风,但实际上什么都没留下。等我入学时,这所学校已沦为如今人们所说的‘市中心问题学校’——简直就像个战区,与许多学生家长当初逃离的地方如出一辙。”[21] 一年后,默里的父母让他退了学。此后,他凭借奖学金先后进入伊灵(Ealing)的圣本笃学校(St Benedict's School)和伊顿公学(Eton College)就读;[18][19][21] 他曾在阿伯丁(Aberdeen)附近的一所学校短暂任教,[22] 随后在牛津大学莫德林学院(Magdalen College)攻读英语学位。[18][19]
著作
19岁那年,正值牛津大学二年级的默里出版了《博西:阿尔弗雷德·道格拉斯勋爵传》(Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas)。克里斯托弗·希钦斯(Christopher Hitchens)评价该书“极其精湛”。[22][23][24] 2000年,该书荣获“兰姆达文学奖”(Lambda Award)中的同性恋题材传记奖。[25] 离开牛津后,默里创作了一部名为《夜幕降临》(Nightfall)的剧本,讲述了瑞典外交官劳尔·瓦伦贝格(Raoul Wallenberg)的故事——他曾从纳粹手中营救了数千名犹太人。[26]
2006年,默里撰写了一部为新保守主义辩护的著作——《新保守主义:为何我们需要它》(Neoconservatism: Why We Need It),并前往美国各地巡回演讲,推广此书。[26]该出版物随后在阿拉伯语报纸《中东报》(Asharq Al-Awsat)上获得了伊朗作家阿米尔·塔赫里(Amir Taheri)的评论:“无论人们是否同意他的观点,默里(Murray)都为全球思想之争做出了宝贵的贡献。”[27] 2007年,他参与撰写了战略与国际研究中心(CSIS)的一份报告——《迈向不确定世界的宏大战略:重塑跨大西洋伙伴关系》(Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World: Renewing Transatlantic Partnership),该报告由克劳斯·瑙曼(Klaus Naumann)、约翰·沙利卡什维利(John Shalikashvili)、英格勋爵(Lord Inge)、雅克·朗萨德(Jacques Lanxade)和亨克·范·登·布雷门(Henk van den Breemen)共同撰写。[28] 他的著作《血腥星期日:真相、谎言与萨维尔调查》(Bloody Sunday: Truths, Lies and The Saville Inquiry)曾(共同)荣获2011–2012年度克里斯托弗·尤尔特-比格斯纪念奖(Christopher Ewart-Biggs Memorial Prize)[29],并入围了2012年奥威尔图书奖(Orwell Book Prize)的初选名单。[30] 2013年6月,默里自行出版了电子书《伊斯兰崇拜:一种典型的都市病》(Islamophilia: a Very Metropolitan Malady)。[31]
2017年,布卢姆斯伯里出版社(Bloomsbury)出版了默里的《欧洲的奇异死亡:移民、身份与伊斯兰教》(The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam)。该书在《星期日泰晤士报》畅销书榜单上停留了近20周,并曾位居非虚构类畅销书榜首。此后,该书已被翻译成20多种语言出版。[32] 在《欧洲的奇异死亡》一书中,默里提出,欧洲通过允许非欧洲移民进入其境内,且丧失了“对其自身信仰的信念”,实际上正在“自杀”。[33] 该书在评论界引发了截然不同的反响。《每日电讯报》的朱丽叶·塞缪尔(Juliet Samuel)对默里表示赞赏,称:“他的核心论点——即一个被内疚感驱使且疲惫不堪的欧洲,通过接纳如此大规模的移民,正在轻率地挥霍其宝贵的现代价值观——令人难以反驳。”[34] 《以色列外交事务杂志》(Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs)的一篇学术评论称该书具有“爆炸性”,是一部“文笔优美、资料详实,揭露了欧洲自杀式虚伪行径”的作品。[35] 《星期日泰晤士报》的罗德·利德尔(Rod Liddle)则称该书“精彩绝伦,至关重要
一本重要且令人深感压抑的书”。[36]
对该书的其他评论则非常负面。《卫报》的政治记者加比·欣斯利夫(Gaby Hinsliff)将《奇怪的死亡》(*Strange Death*)一书形容为“中产阶级化的仇外心理”,并指出书中“一章又一章都在反复探讨同样的主题:移民实施强奸、谋杀和制造恐怖”。她还表示,默里(Murray)对于他所声称正受到威胁的“欧洲文化”,并未给出明确的定义。[37] 印度小说家潘卡杰·米什拉(Pankaj Mishra)在《纽约时报》上撰文,称该书是“极右翼陈词滥调的便捷汇编”。[38] 米什拉指责默里为“爱国欧洲人反对西方伊斯兰化”(Pegida)运动辩护,声称“英国保卫联盟”(English Defence League)的观点“有一定道理”,并将匈牙利政治家维克托·欧尔班(Viktor Orbán)描述为比乔治·索罗斯(George Soros)更称职的“欧洲价值观”守护者。[38] 穆尔塔扎·侯赛因(Murtaza Hussain)在《拦截》(*The Intercept*)网站上撰文,批评了书中那种“持续不断的偏执基调”和所描绘的“欧洲末日景象”,并对默里将非欧洲移民与犯罪率大幅上升之间建立的联系提出了质疑。[39] 在《中东之眼》(*Middle East Eye*)网站上,乔治城大学卡塔尔分校教授伊恩·阿尔蒙德(Ian Almond)称该书“充斥着极其片面的统计数据、访谈和案例”,反映出作者显然有意将全书构建成一种修辞论点,即“欧洲注定会走向自我毁灭”。[40]
2019年,默里出版了探讨社会正义与身份政治的著作《群体的疯狂:性别、种族与身份》(*The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity*),该书曾跻身《星期日泰晤士报》畅销书榜单。[41][42] 默里亲自录制的有声书版本还获得了英国图书奖(British Book Awards)“年度有声书”提名。[43] 在书中,默里指出了一种他所观察到的文化转变:人们正逐渐远离传统的宗教和政治意识形态模式,转而通过各种身份形式来标示社会地位。[44] 全书分为若干章节,分别探讨了四个不同的身份群体:“同性恋”、“女性”、“种族”和“跨性别者”。[42] 默里在书中批评了法国哲学家米歇尔·福柯(Michel Foucault)的思想,认为福柯将社会简化为一套权力关系体系。[45] 默里的这本书引发了截然不同的反响……评论界对此反响不一。历史学家蒂姆·斯坦利(Tim Stanley)在《每日电讯报》(The Daily Telegraph)上对该书给予了高度评价,称默里是“引导人们穿越‘社会正义战士’(social justice warrior)时代的、极具洞察力的向导”[46]。凯蒂·劳(Katie Law)在《标准晚报》(Evening Standard)上写道,默里“以机智和勇气,探讨了另一个必要且具有挑衅性的议题”[47]。与此相反,威廉·戴维斯(William Davies)在《卫报》(The Guardian)上对默里的著作提出了严厉批评,称其为“一个对压迫视而不见的右翼挑衅者所构想出的荒诞幻想”[48]。
默里的著作《针对西方的战争:如何在非理性时代胜出》(The War on the West: How to Prevail in the Age of Unreason)于2022年出版,首周售出11,673册,一举登上了英国《书商》(The Bookseller)杂志非虚构类畅销书榜单的榜首[49]。该书还进入了美国《纽约时报》畅销书榜单[50]。专栏作家杰拉德·贝克(Gerard Baker)将此书描述为对“从西方内部试图摧毁西方文明”这一现象的审视[51]。罗伯特·科尔维尔(Robert Colville)在《星期日泰晤士报》(Sunday Times)上撰文称,该书提出了一个“令人信服且往往令人恐惧的论点,即‘野蛮人已兵临城下’”。他指出,默里在书中论证了“一场文化战争……正无情地针对西方传统的所有根基,以及西方传统所创造的一切美好事物而展开”[52]。
默里的著作《论民主与死亡崇拜:以色列、哈马斯与西方的未来》(On Democracies and Death Cults: Israel, Hamas and the Future of the West,2025年出版)剖析了10月7日的袭击事件,以及西方对以色列的反应。在他看来,这种反应受到了全球范围内反犹太主义的扭曲。书中描述了10月7日大屠杀中那种令人难以理解的、彻头彻尾的非人性行径。他并未将历史的起点定于10月7日,而是将事件置于此前的历史背景中进行考察。针对主流媒体在报道以色列相关事务时所表现出的、他认为带有轻蔑偏见的做法,他提出了反驳观点。默里所说的“死亡崇拜”,指的是哈马斯旨在彻底消灭以色列的目标。他认为,这一挑战并非以色列所独有,因此该书副标题定为“西方的未来”[53]。
职业生涯
默里创立了…… 2007年,他创立了“社会凝聚力中心”(Centre for Social Cohesion);该中心后来并入“亨利·杰克逊协会”(Henry Jackson Society),他本人则于2011年至2018年间在该协会担任副主任。该协会曾拒绝向英国下议院的监督机构披露其捐赠者名单。[54]
媒体生涯
2019年,默里在“马克·斯坦恩秀”(Mark Steyn Show)上接受采访
默里目前担任《旁观者》(The Spectator)杂志的副编辑。[55][56]
2016年,默里通过《旁观者》杂志发起了一场竞赛,邀请参赛者提交关于土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安(Recep Tayyip Erdoğan)的冒犯性诗歌;竞赛设有一等奖,奖金为1000英镑,由一位读者捐赠。[57] 此举是对“伯默尔曼事件”(Böhmermann affair)的回应——当时,德国讽刺作家扬·伯默尔曼(Jan Böhmermann)因创作了一首此类诗歌,而根据德国刑法遭到了起诉。[58] 默里宣布,这场诗歌竞赛的获胜者是保守党议员鲍里斯·约翰逊(Boris Johnson)——他曾任该杂志编辑,也曾担任伦敦市长
(后来成为英国首相)。[57]
罗杰·斯克鲁顿(Roger Scruton)录音事件
2019年4月,《新政治家》(New Statesman)杂志记者乔治·伊顿(George Eaton)发表了一篇基于对罗杰·斯克鲁顿采访的文章。文中将一些充满争议且带有种族主义色彩的言论归于斯克鲁顿名下,导致他受到多位议员的公开谴责,并因此被解除了政府住房顾问的职务。
默里(Murray)谴责伊顿及《新政治家》杂志存在“新闻不诚实”行为[59],并敦促伊顿和该杂志主编杰森·考利(Jason Cowley)公布采访的原始录音。[60]在《新政治家》杂志最初拒绝公布录音后,默里通过未知渠道获取了这份原始录音。他据此在《旁观者》(The Spectator)杂志上撰文,题为《斯克鲁顿录音:一场现代“抹黑行动”的剖析》(The Scruton Tapes: Anatomy of a Modern Hit Job),指出斯克鲁顿的言论遭到了伊顿的断章取义和歪曲。[60][61]
此后,《新政治家》杂志就伊顿歪曲斯克鲁顿言论一事向其道歉;时任住房大臣詹姆斯·布罗肯希尔(James Brokenshire)也因斯克鲁顿被解职一事向他表达了歉意。[62]2020年1月,在去世前不久,斯克鲁顿为《旁观者》杂志撰写了一篇文章,称赞默里“勇敢”,并对默里为捍卫其声誉所提供的“慷慨辩护”表示感谢。[63]政治观点
英国保守主义系列专题
意识形态
原则
历史
知识分子
政治人物
评论员
(名单:Amis, Benjamin, Bowden, Burton, Clarkson, Cohen, Ferrari, Forsyth (Frederick), Goodwin, Hanbury-Tracy, Hitchens, Johnson (Paul), Kisin, Liddle, Lunn, Moore, Morgan, Murray, Nelson, Oakeshott (Isabel), O'Sullivan, Pearce, Perry, Pirie, Ridley (Matt), Roberts, Smith, Starkey, Sullivan, Turner, Watson, Welch, West, Worsthorne, Young)
文学
政党
活动人士
组织
媒体
相关内容
保守主义专题
英国专题
(模板导航)
意识形态
学术界和新闻界对默里(Murray)的意识形态及政治观点有多种描述,包括保守主义[64]、新保守主义[18][65][66]、极右翼[67]、另类右翼(alt-right)[68][15]以及伊斯兰恐惧症[5][12]。英国记者兼广播员彼得·奥伯恩(Peter Oborne)称道格拉斯·默里(Douglas Murray)为“反穆斯林论战者”[69]。默里曾主张,左派正试图摧毁西方文化;他还认为,针对西方领导人和哲学家的批评,其动机在于损害西方[70]。
默里被指责为极右翼意识形态披上了“社会可接受”的外衣。英国作家纳菲兹·艾哈迈德(Nafeez Ahmed)在《中东观察》(Middle East Eye)上撰文指出,在《查理周刊》枪击事件和2015年1月法兰西岛袭击事件发生后,默里对言论自由的支持,实际上“不过是极右翼进行渗透的一种策略”[67]。2019年,《社会政策评论》(Social Policy Review)刊载的一篇文章将默里的观点描述为一种“主流化”意识形态——它既难以被简单归类为极端主义,又始终与“极右翼纠缠在一起”[71]。此外,还有观点认为默里在宣扬极右翼阴谋论,包括“欧拉伯”(Eurabia)阴谋论[72][15]以及“文化马克思主义”阴谋论[17]。哲学家贝尔纳-亨利·列维(Bernard-Henri Lévy)曾评价默里(Murray)道:“无论人们是否赞同他的观点”,他都是“当今最重要的公共知识分子之一”。[20] 作家阿亚安·希尔西·阿里(Ayaan Hirsi Ali)和专栏作家索拉布·阿赫马里(Sohrab Ahmari)都曾称赞默里关于欧洲伊斯兰教问题的著作与论述。[73][9]
2020年,专栏作家巴里·韦斯(Bari Weiss)将默里归入“知识分子暗网”(Intellectual Dark Web)——这是一个由评论员组成的松散群体;韦斯对该群体既抱有相当程度的同情,也持批判态度。[74] 该群体成员还包括布雷特·温斯坦(Bret Weinstein)、戴夫·鲁宾(Dave Rubin)、乔·罗根(Joe Rogan)和萨姆·哈里斯(Sam Harris)等人。[75] 默里本人则拒绝被归入这一群体。[76] 2021年,默里开始为韦斯创办的媒体《自由新闻》(The Free Press)工作,韦斯也称他为朋友。[77] 此外,默里还曾就乔·罗根为达里尔·库珀(Darryl Cooper)和伊恩·卡罗尔(Ian Carrol)等人提供发声平台一事,与罗根进行过交锋;在默里看来,这些人就以色列、乌克兰和第二次世界大战等议题所持的观点属于危险且边缘的言论。[78]
基督教
默里表示,他在二十多岁之前一直是一名圣公会信徒。[19][26][79] 他称自己之所以失去信仰,是因为不再相信“童贞受孕”这一教义,并且认为《圣经》和《古兰经》中存在他所谓的“重复、矛盾和荒谬之处”。[80] 在2024年的一次采访中,他表示自己属于不可知论者。[81]
此后,默里将自己描述为“文化上的基督徒”和“基督教无神论者”。[19][82] 他经常赞扬基督教价值观,并强调基督教在构建西方文明过程中的重要作用,称“如果将基督教从西方文明中剔除,那么西方文明也就不复存在了”。[83][84][85] 他还批评了一些基督教会,认为它们背离了传统的教义和福音教导。[86][87]
2018年,默里曾与萨姆·哈里斯(Sam Harris)及乔丹·彼得森(Jordan Peterson)就宗教问题进行了一系列探讨。[88][89]伊斯兰教与穆斯林
在2006年2月向荷兰议会发表的一次演讲中,默里(Murray)表示:“必须全面加大穆斯林在欧洲的生存难度:欧洲必
看起来吸引力就没那么大了。”[90][91] 此外,他还主张“必须停止所有从穆斯林国家向欧洲的移民”。[92][93][94][95] 默里(Murray)在“社会凝聚力中心”(Centre for Social Cohesion)的前同事詹姆斯·布兰登(James Brandon)将此番言论解读为是在呼吁对穆斯林群体进行集体惩罚。[96] 在默里拒绝了政治人物保罗·古德曼(Paul Goodman)提出的“收回这些言论”的建议后,保守党高层切断了与默里及其“社会凝聚力中心”的正式联系。[97]
据布兰登称,默里未能区分“伊斯兰教”与“伊斯兰主义”。[96] 布兰登表示,他曾试图让默里“去激进化”,以确保其批评的目标仅限于“伊斯兰主义者”,而非“整个穆斯林群体”。[96] 布兰登写道,默里曾在私下里收回过他的一些言论。[96] 2010年,在“Intelligence Squared US”举办的一场题为“伊斯兰教是和平的宗教吗?”的辩论中,默里在发言时反对这一命题,理由是“(伊斯兰教先知)穆罕默德是个坏人”[98][99];他列举了穆罕默德私人生活中的一些事件,以及他下令斩首犹太人的事迹。[100]
2008年,默里列举了27位作家、活动家、政治人物和艺术家的案例——其中包括萨尔曼·拉什迪(Salman Rushdie)、玛丽亚姆·纳马齐(Maryam Namazie)和安瓦尔·谢赫(Anwar Shaikh),这三人皆因批评伊斯兰教而收到过死亡威胁。默里表示:“除非穆斯林能够在不必担心遭到攻击的情况下讨论他们的宗教,否则伊斯兰教内部就不可能实现改革,也不可能拥有真正的良心自由。”[101]
2009年,在伦敦政治经济学院(LSE)举行的一场辩论中,默里原本计划担任主持人,辩论双方是学者艾伦·斯凯德(Alan Sked)和哈姆扎·佐尔齐斯(Hamza Tzortzis),主题为“伊斯兰教还是自由主义:何者才是前进的方向?”。然而,由于此前学生针对以色列入侵加沙地带进行了为期一周的抗议活动,校方以安全为由阻止了默里主持该辩论。最终,这场辩论在没有默里主持的情况下如期举行。[102] 这一举动遭到了《每日电讯报》和《旁观者》杂志的批评。[103][104][105]
6月2009年,默里(Murray)应邀在康威大厅(Conway Hall)与伊斯兰主义者安杰姆·乔达里(Anjem Choudary)进行辩论,探讨的主题是“伊斯兰教法与英国法律”。乔达里是已被取缔的激进组织“阿尔-穆哈吉伦”(Al-Muhajiroun)的领导人。该组织的成员在活动入口处充当安保人员,试图将男女参与者分开。入口附近爆发了乔达里的支持者与默里的支持者之间的冲突;由于这种强制男女隔离的企图,康威大厅取消了此次辩论。在建筑外,乔达里与默里就活动被取消一事发生了对峙。[106][107] 默里所在的“社会凝聚力中心”(Centre for Social Cohesion)后来发布了一项研究,指出英国七分之一的伊斯兰相关恐怖主义案件可能与“阿尔-穆哈吉伦”组织有关。[108]
2017年伦敦桥袭击事件发生后,默里呼吁“减少伊斯兰教的影响”并削减移民数量。[109]
移民问题
2018年“欧洲的未来”国际会议——《欧洲的奇异死亡:移民、身份与伊斯兰教》
默里是大规模移民的公开批评者。[110][111] 2013年3月,默里称伦敦已变成一个“外国国家”,因为在伦敦的33个行政区中,有23个区的“白人英国人”已沦为少数群体。[112][113] 在其著作《欧洲的奇异死亡》(The Strange Death of Europe)一书中,默里写道,由于大规模移民,欧洲及其价值观正在走向“自杀”;他在书的开篇便呼吁停止来自穆斯林群体的移民。书中还详细列举了移民在欧洲犯下的罪行,并对在移民问题上立场强硬的维克托·欧尔班(Viktor Orbán)表示了赞赏。[114][39]
2018年,默里为“普拉格大学”(PragerU)拍摄了一段题为《欧洲的自杀》(The Suicide of Europe)的视频。在视频中,他谴责了“从中东、北非和东亚向欧洲的大规模人口迁移”,并批评了欧洲的多元文化主义。[115] 亚历克斯·科奇(Alex Kotch)采访了该机构的一位高级编辑……反诽谤联盟(Anti-Defamation League)极端主义研究中心(Center on Extremism)的马克·皮特卡维奇(Mark Pitcavage)指责该视频“充斥着反移民和反穆斯林的言论”。[115] 同样,南方贫困法律中心(Southern Poverty Law Center)也称该视频是“向极右翼发出的‘狗哨’(隐晦的政治信号)”。[116]
2016年9月,默里(Murray)支持唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)提出的在美国南部边境修建隔离墙的计划。[117] 2017年1月,默里为第13769号行政令进行辩护;该行政令禁止了七个穆斯林占多数国家的公民进入美国。[118]
性别与性取向
默里是一位公开的同性恋者。[18] 在其著作《群氓的疯狂:性别、种族与身份》(The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity)一书中,默里表示,在西方,恐同情绪已基本被消除。[42][46]
默里曾称,关于“男性可以变成女性”的说法是一个谎言。[76] 据“美国媒体事务”(Media Matters for America)报道,2020年9月,默里在做客乔·罗根(Joe Rogan)的播客节目时,引用了卡米尔·帕利亚(Camille Paglia)的观点,称“在每个帝国走向终结之时,人们往往会对性别流动性、雌雄同体等现象产生兴趣”。[119] 他还表示,在他看来,并不存在所谓的“非二元性别”。[120]
2019年9月,默里在一次采访中提到,在某些方面,女性所面临的标准与男性不同
涉及性行为方面,他列举了德鲁·巴里摩尔(Drew Barrymore)、简·方达(Jane Fonda)和马伊姆·拜力克(Mayim Bialik)的例子,指出她们曾对男性做出带有性意味的行为,却未受到媒体的抨击。[20]
外交政策
2018年,默里在匈牙利布达佩斯举行的“欧洲的未来”(Future of Europe)会议上发言。
在其著作《新保守主义:为何我们需要它》(*Neoconservatism: Why We Need It*)一书中,默里主张新保守主义对于对抗独裁统治和侵犯人权的行为是必要的。[121] 2004年,默里撰文支持伊拉克战争[122],并多次为这场战争进行辩护,反驳批评者的观点。[70] 他曾呼吁将反恐战争扩大至伊朗、叙利亚以及任何支持恐怖主义的政权。[93] 2021年,默里批评了拜登政府从阿富汗撤军的决定。[123]
2018年3月,匈牙利政治家维克托·欧尔班(Viktor Orbán)在其官方Facebook账号上发布了一张照片,照片中他正在阅读默里所著《欧洲的奇异死亡》(*The Strange Death of Europe*)一书的匈牙利语译本。[39] 2018年5月,在布达佩斯举行的“欧洲的未来”会议期间,欧尔班亲自接见了默里,以及美国政治战略家史蒂夫·班农(Steve Bannon)等其他保守派人士。据匈牙利官方媒体报道,默里还与欧尔班进行了单独交谈并合影留念。[124][125]
以色列与反犹太主义
2013年,默里谴责了记者欧文·琼斯(Owen Jones),因为琼斯声称以色列在一次军事打击中杀害了一名11个月大的婴儿。琼斯则反驳称,默里无视了一份联合国报告,该报告指出以色列的空袭造成了多名无辜平民死亡。[126] 2014年,在加沙战争期间,默里对以色列表示了支持与辩护。[127]默里还为以色列的自卫权进行了辩护,他表示:“如果你不认为以色列有权阻止一个自成立以来就一再扬言要消灭以色列的组织,如果你认为以色列无权试图阻止这个敌人,那么你显然也就不认为以色列有权存在;你实际上是认为以色列有权走向灭亡。”[127] 在冲突期间,默里和大卫·弗鲁姆(David Frum)曾在幕后协助以色列外交官罗恩·普罗索尔(Ron Prosor)撰写演讲稿。[128][129] 2019年访问以色列期间,默里称赞了以色列社会对“民族主义”的态度,并对以色列在边境安全方面的做法表示赞赏。[130]
2023年10月7日袭击事件发生后,默里在以色列进行了为期六个月的实地报道。[131] 他走访了在10月7日冲突中遇袭的基布兹(集体农庄),并采访了以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡。[6][132] 在持续进行的加沙战争中,默里一直是以色列的支持者。[133][134] 2023年10月12日,在哈马斯主导的10月7日袭击发生后,他受邀在伦敦劳德代尔路犹太会堂(Lauderdale Road Synagogue)发表演讲,为犹太人和以色列国辩护;该演讲在网络上获得了近百万次观看。[135] 默里一直支持以色列针对10月7日袭击所采取的军事回应。他在以色列停留了约6个月,期间两次前往加沙,并撰文为以色列的行动辩护。[136] 默里批评了英国等西方国家中出现的反以色列抗议活动和言论,认为这些行为的动机并非出于对巴勒斯坦人的真正关切,而是源于反犹太主义和对恐怖主义的支持。[137][138][139] 他将部分抗议活动形容为“恐怖分子游行”,并指出这些活动是由支持哈马斯的派系所组织,旨在散布虚假信息。[140]默里(Murray)曾指出,针对以色列的许多批评,要么源于公开的反犹太主义或反西方意识形态,要么源于对巴以冲突现实的无知——而这种无知正被别有用心者所利用。[141]
2024年4月,因其对2023年哈马斯主导的针对以色列的袭击及其引发的战争所做的报道,默里获得了以色列总统艾萨克·赫尔佐格(Isaac Herzog)和以色列侨民事务部长阿米凯·奇克利(Amichai Chikli)颁发的荣誉奖项,以表彰他是“犹太人民的朋友”,并致力于对抗反犹太主义的抬头。[136][142]
2024年12月,默里陪同演员凯文·史派西(Kevin Spacey)访问了以色列与加沙地带的边界,并参观了受10月7日袭击影响的地区。[143][144]
2025年4月10日,默里与戴夫·史密斯(Dave Smith)一同做客播客节目《乔·罗根体验》(The Joe Rogan Experience),就巴以冲突展开辩论。在节目中,史密斯指责默里表现出“选择性同情”——即只同情以色列民众,却不同情加沙民众。此后,默里批评了乔·罗根(Rogan),认为他不应为那些散布阴谋论和虚假信息的人提供发声平台。[145][146] 尽管这一举动受到了一些媒体的赞扬,但默里在整场辩论中的表现却在社交媒体上招致了批评。[147][148][149][150][151]
其他活动
默里是“非政府组织观察”(NGO Monitor)的国际顾问委员会成员。该非政府组织总部位于耶路撒冷,被视为亲以色列且持右翼立场,[152] 由杰拉德·M·斯坦伯格(Gerald M. Steinberg)教授于2001年创立。[153][154][155][156] 截至2022年,他还是“言论自由联盟”(Free Speech Union)的董事之一。该组织由英国社会评论员托比·扬(Toby Young)于2020年创立,旨在倡导言论自由。
言论,并对“取消文化”提出批评。[157][158]
2025年3月,他在针对《卫报》媒体集团(Guardian Media Group)的一场诽谤诉讼中胜诉。起因是《观察家报》(The Observer)专栏作家凯南·马利克(Kenan Malik)将默里(Murray)数月前发表的言论,错误地与2024年英国发生三名女童遇刺事件后在全英各地爆发的骚乱联系起来。默里最终获得了对方“毫无保留的道歉”以及一笔“数额可观”的经济赔偿。[159]
2025年8月,穆斯林活动人士穆罕默德·希贾布(Mohammed Hijab)曾对默里提起诽谤诉讼,但默里胜诉。此前,默里曾在2022年指出,希贾布在莱斯特(Leicester)穆斯林与印度教群体之间的骚乱期间,煽动了种族紧张局势。法官裁定,这一说法“基本属实”。[160][161]
荣誉与奖项
曼哈顿研究所(Manhattan Institute)——2024年亚历山大·汉密尔顿奖(Alexander Hamilton Award)。[162]
2024年获得以色列总统艾萨克·赫尔佐格(Isaac Herzog)的特别表彰。[136]
2025年获得“耶路撒冷支柱奖”(Pillars of Jerusalem award)。[163][164]
个人生活
默里是公开的同性恋者。[18] 他曾有一位长期伴侣,这段关系持续了10年,直至2018年结束。[165]
著作
《博西:阿尔弗雷德·道格拉斯勋爵传》(Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas)。Sceptre出版社,2000年。ISBN 978-0-340-79380-0。
《新保守主义:我们为何需要它》(Neoconservatism: Why We Need It)。社会事务单元(Social Affairs Unit),2006年。ISBN 978-1-59403-344-5。
《针对国家的仇恨:英国图书馆如何助长伊斯兰极端主义》(Hate on the State: How British libraries encourage Islamic extremism)。与詹姆斯·布兰登(James Brandon)合著。社会凝聚力中心(Centre for Social Cohesion),2007年。ISBN 978-1-903386-62-0。
《恐吓的受害者:欧洲穆斯林社区内的言论自由》(Victims of Intimidation: Freedom of Speech Within Europe's Muslim Communities)。与约翰·彼得·维尔韦(Johan Pieter Verwey)合著。社会凝聚力中心(Centre for Social Cohesion)。2008年。ISBN 978-0-9560013-1-3。
《血腥星期日:真相、谎言与萨维尔调查》(Bloody Sunday: Truths, Lies and the Saville Inquiry)。Dialogue出版社。2011年。ISBN 978-1-84954-149-7。
《伊斯兰崇拜:一种典型的都市病》(Islamophilia: A Very Metropolitan Malady)。emBooks出版社。2013年。ISBN 978-1-62777-050-7。
《欧洲的奇异死亡:移民、身份与伊斯兰》(The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam)。Bloomsbury出版社。2017年。ISBN 978-1-4729-4224-1。
《群体的疯狂:性别、种族与身份》(The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity)。Bloomsbury出版社。2019年。ISBN 978-1-4729-5995-9。
《针对西方的战争:如何在非理性时代胜出》(The War on the West: How to Prevail in the Age of Unreason)。Harper Collins出版社。2022年。ISBN 978-0-06-316202-0。
《论民主与死亡崇拜:以色列与文明的未来》(On Democracies and Death Cults: Israel and the Future of Civilization)。Broadside Books出版社。2025年。ISBN 978-0063437135。
Douglas Kear Murray
Born in 1979; is a British conservative political commentator, cultural critic, author, and journalist. He is an associate editor of the conservative British political and cultural magazine The Spectator, and has been a regular contributor to The Times, The Daily Telegraph, The Sun, the Daily Mail, New York Post, National Review, The Free Press, and UnHerd.[3]
His books include Neoconservatism: Why We Need It (2006), The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam (2017), The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity (2019), The War on the West (2022), and On Democracies and Death Cults: Israel, Hamas and the Future of the West (2025).[4]
Murray was the associate director of the Henry Jackson Society, a conservative think tank, from 2011 to 2018.
Murray is a critic of immigration into Europe and of Islam.[5] He became better known internationally due to his advocacy for Israel after the October 7 attacks in 2023.[6][7][8]
Murray has been praised by conservatives and criticised by others.[9][10][11] Articles in the academic journals Ethnic and Racial Studies and National Identities associate his views with Islamophobia[5][12] and he has been described as promoting far-right ideas such as the Eurabia, Great Replacement, and Cultural Marxism conspiracy theories.[13][14][15][16][17]
Murray was born in Hammersmith, London, to an English school teacher mother and a Scottish, Gaelic-speaking father who had been born on the Isle of Lewis and who worked as a civil servant. He has one elder brother.[18][19] In an interview with The Herald, Murray stated that his father had intended to be in London temporarily but stayed after meeting his mother, and that they "encouraged a good discussion around the dinner table" when he was growing up but "neither are political."[20]
Murray was educated at his local state primary and secondary schools, before going to a comprehensive which had previously been a grammar school. Recalling this experience in 2011, he wrote, "My parents had been promised that the old grammar school standards and ethos remained, but none did. By the time I arrived, the school was what would now be described as 'an inner-city sink school', a war zone similar to those many of the children's parents had escaped from."[21] Murray's parents withdrew him from the school after a year. He won scholarships to St Benedict's School, Ealing, and subsequently to Eton College,[18][19][21] taught briefly at a school near Aberdeen,[22] then took a degree in English at Magdalen College, Oxford.[18][19]
At age 19, while in his second year at the University of Oxford, Murray's Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas was published, which Christopher Hitchens described as "masterly".[22][23][24] Bosie was awarded a Lambda Award for gay biography in 2000.[25] After leaving Oxford, Murray wrote a play, Nightfall, about the Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg, who rescued thousands of Jews from the Nazis.[26]
In 2006 Murray authored a defence of neoconservatism – Neoconservatism: Why We Need It – and went on a speaking tour promoting the book in the United States.[26] The publication was subsequently reviewed in the Arabic newspaper Asharq Al-Awsat by the Iranian author Amir Taheri: "Whether one agrees with him or not Murray has made a valuable contribution to the global battle of ideas."[27] In 2007, he assisted in the writing of the Center for Strategic and International Studies's report Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World: Renewing Transatlantic Partnership, written by Klaus Naumann, John Shalikashvili, Lord Inge, Jacques Lanxade, and Henk van den Breemen.[28] His book Bloody Sunday: Truths, Lies and The Saville Inquiry was (jointly) awarded the 2011–2012 Christopher Ewart-Biggs Memorial Prize[29] and longlisted for the 2012 Orwell Book Prize.[30] In June 2013, Murray's self-published e-book Islamophilia: a Very Metropolitan Malady was released.[31]
In 2017, Bloomsbury published Murray's The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam, which spent almost 20 weeks on The Sunday Times bestseller list and was a No. 1 bestseller in non-fiction. It has since been published in over 20 languages.[32] In The Strange Death of Europe, Murray argued that Europe "is committing suicide" by allowing non-European immigration into its borders and losing its "faith in its beliefs".[33] The book received a polarised response from critics. Juliet Samuel of The Daily Telegraph praised Murray, saying that: "His overall thesis, that a guilt-driven and exhausted Europe is playing fast and loose with its precious modern values by embracing migration on such a scale, is hard to refute."[34] An academic review in the Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs acclaimed the book as "explosive" and "an elegantly written, copiously documented exposé of Europe's suicidal hypocrisy".[35] Rod Liddle of The Sunday Times called the book "a brilliant, important and profoundly depressing book".[36]
Other reviews of the book were highly negative. In The Guardian, the political journalist Gaby Hinsliff described Strange Death as "gentrified xenophobia" and "Chapter after chapter circles around the same repetitive themes: migrants raping and murdering and terrorising", also stating that Murray offers little definition of the European culture which he claims is under threat.[37] Writing in The New York Times, Indian novelist Pankaj Mishra described the book as "a handy digest of far-right clichés".[38] Mishra accused Murray of defending Pegida, of writing that the English Defence League "had a point", and of describing Hungarian politician Viktor Orbán as a better sentinel of "European values" than George Soros.[38] Writing in The Intercept, Murtaza Hussain criticised what he called the "relentlessly paranoid tenor" and "apocalyptic picture of Europe" portrayed in the book, while challenging the links Murray made between non-European immigration and large increases in crime.[39] In Middle East Eye, Georgetown University in Qatar professor Ian Almond called the book "a staggeringly one-sided flow of statistics, interviews and examples, reflecting a clear decision to make the book a rhetorical claim that Europe is doomed to self-destruction".[40]
Murray wrote about social justice and identity politics in his 2019 book The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity which became a Sunday Times bestseller.[41][42] Murray's narration of the book was nominated as an audio book of the year for the British Book Awards.[43] In the book, Murray points to what he sees as a cultural shift, away from established modes of religion and political ideology, in which various forms of identity can provide markers of social status.[44] He divides his book into chapters dealing with four different identity groups: "Gay", "Women", "Race" and "Trans."[42] Murray criticises the work of French philosopher Michel Foucault for what he sees as a reduction of society to a system of power relations.[45] Murray's book drew polarised responses from critics. Historian Tim Stanley in The Daily Telegraph praised the book, calling Murray "a superbly perceptive guide through the age of the social justice warrior".[46] Katie Law in the Evening Standard said that Murray "tackled another necessary and provocative subject with wit and bravery".[47] Conversely, William Davies gave a highly critical review of Murray's work in The Guardian, describing the book as "the bizarre fantasies of a rightwing provocateur, blind to oppression".[48]
Murray's book The War on the West: How to Prevail in the Age of Unreason was published in 2022 and debuted at number one on The Bookseller's nonfiction bestseller list in the UK, having sold 11,673 copies in its first week.[49] It also reached the New York Times bestseller list in the United States.[50] The book was characterised by columnist Gerard Baker as an examination of attempts to destroy Western civilisation from sources within.[51] Robert Colville, writing in the Sunday Times, called it "a convincing and often terrifying case that the barbarians are at the gates", and that Murray argues in the book that "a cultural war (...) is being waged remorselessly against all the roots of the western tradition and against everything good that the western tradition has produced."[52]
Murray's book On Democracies and Death Cults: Israel, Hamas and the Future of the West (2025) dissects the October 7 attacks and the West's response to Israel. This response, in his view, was distorted by global antisemitism. The October 7 massacres are described with their sheer inhumanity which defies comprehension. He does not begin history on October 7 but contextualizes the preceding history. He presents counter-arguments to what he regards as a contemptuous bias with which Israeli affairs have been reported by the mainstream media. By "death cult" Murray means the Hamas goal of annihilation of Israel. This challenge, he says, is not Israel's alone, hence the subtitle is "The Future of the West."[53]
Murray founded the Centre for Social Cohesion in 2007, which became part of the Henry Jackson Society, where he was associate director from 2011 to 2018. The society refused to disclose its donors to the House of Commons' standards watchdog.[54]

Murray is an associate editor of The Spectator.[55][56]
In 2016, Murray organised a competition through The Spectator in which entrants were invited to submit offensive poems about Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, with a top prize of £1,000 donated by a reader.[57] This was in reaction to the Böhmermann affair, in which German satirist Jan Böhmermann was prosecuted under the German penal code for such a poem.[58] Murray announced the winner of the poetry competition as Conservative MP Boris Johnson (former editor of the magazine, and former mayor of London, and later Prime Minister of the United Kingdom).[57]
In April 2019, New Statesman journalist George Eaton published an article based on an interview with Roger Scruton, which attributed a number of controversial and racist statements to Scruton, who was publicly condemned by various members of Parliament and dismissed from his position as a government housing adviser as a result.
Murray condemned Eaton and the New Statesman for "journalistic dishonesty"[59] and urged Eaton and New Statesman editor Jason Cowley to share the original recording of the interview.[60] When the New Statesman initially refused, Murray acquired the original recording of the interview from unknown sources, which formed the basis of his article in The Spectator titled "The Scruton Tapes: Anatomy of a Modern Hit Job" showing that Scruton's remarks had been taken out of context and misrepresented by Eaton.[60][61]
The New Statesman subsequently published an apology to Scruton for Eaton's misrepresentation of his words, and housing secretary James Brokenshire apologised to Scruton for his dismissal.[62] Shortly before he died in January 2020, Scruton wrote an article for The Spectator in which he called Murray 'brave' and spoke of his gratitude for Murray's 'generous defence' of his reputation.[63]
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Academic and journalistic sources have variously described Murray's ideology and political views as conservative,[64] neoconservative,[18][65][66] far-right,[67] alt-right[68][15] and Islamophobic.[5][12] British journalist and broadcaster Peter Oborne described Douglas Murray as an anti-Muslim polemicist.[69] Murray has argued that there is an effort by the left to destroy Western culture, and has argued that criticisms of Western leaders and philosophers are motivated by attempts to hurt the West.[70]
Murray has been accused of putting a socially acceptable face on far-right ideologies. British writer Nafeez Ahmed argued in Middle East Eye that Murray's support for free speech in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo shooting and the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks was "really just a ploy for far-right entryism".[67] In 2019 an article in Social Policy Review described Murray's views as a kind of "mainstreamist" ideology that defies easy categorisation as extremist while remaining "entangled with the far right".[71] Murray has also been described as promoting far-right conspiracy theories, the Eurabia conspiracy theory[72][15] and the cultural Marxism conspiracy theory.[17]
Philosopher Bernard-Henri Lévy has said of Murray, "Whether one agrees with him or not" he is "one of the most important public intellectuals today".[20] Writer Ayaan Hirsi Ali and columnist Sohrab Ahmari have praised Murray's work and writing on Islam in Europe.[73][9]
In 2020 columnist Bari Weiss placed Murray within the intellectual dark web, a loosely affiliated group of commentators, with whom she is largely sympathetic but also critical,[74] including Bret Weinstein, Dave Rubin, Joe Rogan, and Sam Harris.[75] Murray has rejected his placement within this group.[76] In 2021, Murray began working for Weiss' The Free Press, and Weiss has described him as a friend.[77] Murray has also confronted Rogan over Rogan's platforming of people, such as Darryl Cooper and Ian Carrol, who Murray sees as having dangerous and fringe views on topics such as Israel, Ukraine and World War II.[78]
Murray stated that he was an Anglican until his twenties.[19][26][79] Murray said he lost his faith due to no longer believing in the Virgin birth and finding what Murray described as "repetitions, contradictions and absurdities" within the Bible and Quran.[80] In a 2024 interview, he said that he identifies as agnostic.[81]
Murray has since described himself as a cultural Christian and a Christian atheist.[19][82] He has frequently praised Christian values and has stressed the importance of Christianity's role in building Western civilization saying "you cannot take Christianity out of the West and have anything that's recognizably the West".[83][84][85] He has also criticized Christian churches for breaking away from teaching their traditional beliefs and the Gospels.[86][87]
In 2018, Murray engaged in a series of discussions about religion with Sam Harris and Jordan Peterson.[88][89]
In a February 2006 speech to the Dutch Parliament, Murray said "conditions for Muslims in Europe must be made harder across the board: Europe must look like a less attractive proposition."[90][91] and that "All immigration into Europe from Muslim countries must stop."[92][93][94][95] Murray's former coworker at the Centre for Social Cohesion, James Brandon, interpreted this speech as calling for the collective punishment of Muslims.[96] After Murray refused politician Paul Goodman's offer to disown these comments, the Conservative Party frontbench severed formal relations with Murray and his Centre for Social Cohesion.[97]
According to Brandon, Murray failed to distinguish Islam from Islamism.[96] Brandon said he attempted to "de-radicalise" Murray to ensure that only Islamists were targeted and not "Muslims as a whole".[96] Brandon writes that Murray has privately retracted some of his comments.[96] In 2010, during an Intelligence Squared US debate titled "Is Islam a Religion of Peace?", Murray argued in his contribution against the motion on the grounds that "[Islamic Prophet] Muhammad was a bad man",[98][99] citing episodes from Muhammad's private life and his beheading of Jews.[100]
In 2008 Murray listed the cases of 27 writers, activists, politicians, and artists — including Salman Rushdie, Maryam Namazie, and Anwar Shaikh, all three of whom had received death threats due to their criticism of Islam. Murray said that "Unless Muslims are allowed to discuss their religion without fear of attack there can be no chance of reform or genuine freedom of conscience within Islam."[101]
In 2009 Murray was prevented from chairing a debate at the London School of Economics between academic Alan Sked and Hamza Tzortzis on the topic "Islam or Liberalism: Which is the Way Forward?", with the university citing security concerns following a week-long student protest against Israel's invasion of the Gaza strip. The debate took place without Murray chairing.[102] The move was criticised by The Daily Telegraph and The Spectator.[103][104][105]
In June 2009, Murray accepted an invitation to a debate with Islamist Anjem Choudary, leader of the banned militant group Al-Muhajiroun, on the subject of Sharia law and British law at Conway Hall. Members of Al-Muhajiroun acting as security guards tried to segregate men and women at the entrance of the event. Clashes broke out near the entrance between Choudary's and Murray's supporters, and Conway Hall cancelled the debate because of the attempted forced separation of men and women. Outside the building, a confrontation between Choudary and Murray over the cancellation of the event occurred.[106][107] Murray's Centre for Social Cohesion later published a study arguing that one-in-seven Islam-related terrorist cases in the UK could be linked to Al-Muhajiroun.[108]
In the wake of the 2017 London Bridge attack, Murray called for "less Islam" and for reduced immigration.[109]

Murray is a vocal critic of mass immigration.[110][111] In March 2013, Murray said that London was a "foreign country" due to "white Britons" becoming a minority in 23 of the 33 London boroughs.[112][113] In Murray's book The Strange Death of Europe, he writes that Europe and its values are committing suicide due to mass immigration; in the opening pages, he calls for halting Muslim immigration. In the book, he also details crimes committed by immigrants in Europe and writes favourably of immigration hard-liner Viktor Orbán.[114][39]
In 2018 Murray filmed a video for PragerU entitled "The Suicide of Europe". In the video, he condemned "The mass movement of peoples into Europe...from the Middle East, North Africa and East Asia," and criticised European multiculturalism.[115] Alex Kotch interviewed a senior editor at the Anti-Defamation League's Center on Extremism, Mark Pitcavage, who accused the video of being "filled with anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim rhetoric".[115] Similarly, the Southern Poverty Law Center claimed that the video was a "dog whistle to the extreme right".[116]
In September 2016, Murray supported Donald Trump's proposal for a wall along the southern border of the United States.[117] In January 2017, Murray defended Executive Order 13769, which banned entry to the U.S. by citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries.[118]
Murray is openly gay.[18] In his book The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity, Murray said that homophobia has mostly been vanquished in the West.[42][46]
Murray has said that it is a lie that a man can become a woman.[76] Media Matters for America reported that in September 2020, during an appearance on Joe Rogan's podcast, Murray paraphrased Camille Paglia and said that "at the end of every empire, they get interested in sexual fluidity, hermaphroditism, and so on."[119] He has stated that he thinks there is no such thing as non-binary gender.[120]
In September 2019, Murray said in an interview that women are held to a different standard than men when it comes to sexual behaviour, citing instances involving Drew Barrymore, Jane Fonda, and Mayim Bialik behaving sexually towards men without backlash from the media.[20]
In his book Neoconservatism: Why We Need It, Murray argues that neoconservatism is necessary for fighting against dictatorships and human rights abuses.[121] Murray wrote in support of the Iraq War in 2004,[122] and defended the war against critics on multiple occasions.[70] He has called for continuing the war on terror on Iran, Syria, and any regime which supports terrorism.[93] In 2021, Murray chastised the Biden administration for withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan.[123]
In March 2018, Hungarian politician Viktor Orbán posted a photo on his official Facebook account of himself reading the Hungarian-language edition of The Strange Death of Europe by Murray.[39] In May 2018, Murray was personally received by Orbán in Budapest as part of the "Future of Europe" conference, along with other conservative figures such as American political strategist Steve Bannon, and according to Hungarian state media had an individual discussion and photograph with Orbán.[124][125]
In 2013, Murray condemned journalist Owen Jones for claiming that Israel had killed an 11-month old child in a military strike. Jones responded by criticising Murray for ignoring a UN report which said an Israel airstrike had killed numerous innocent civilians.[126] In 2014, Murray defended and supported Israel during the 2014 Gaza War.[127] Murray also defended Israel's right to defend itself, saying, "If you don't believe that Israel has the right to stop a group that has proposed repeatedly since its existence that it wants to annihilate Israel, if you believe that Israel doesn't have the right to try and stop this enemy, then of course you don't believe Israel has the right to exist; you believe Israel has the right to die."[127] In private, Murray and David Frum helped write speeches for Israeli diplomat Ron Prosor during the conflict.[128][129] During a visit to Israel in 2019, Murray praised Israeli society's "attitude towards nationalism", and lauded Israel's approach to border security.[130]
Starting in October 2023, Murray reported from Israel for six months following the October 7 attacks.[131] He visited the kibbutzim that were attacked in the October 7 war and interviewed Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.[6][132] Murray has been a supporter of Israel during the ongoing Gaza war.[133][134] On 12 October 2023, after the Hamas-led October 7 attacks, he was invited to present a speech at the Lauderdale Road Synagogue in London which defended Jews and the State of Israel, and which gathered almost one million views online.[135] Murray has been a supporter of Israel's military response to the October 7 attacks. He spent around 6 months in Israel, visiting Gaza twice, and writing in defense of Israel's actions.[136] Murray has criticised anti-Israel protests and rhetoric in Western countries like Britain as being motivated by antisemitism and support for terrorism rather than genuine concern for Palestinians.[137][138][139] He has described some protests as "terrorist marches" and said they are organised by pro-Hamas factions aiming to spread disinformation.[140]
Murray has argued that much of the criticism of Israel stems from either explicit antisemitism, anti-Western ideology, or ignorance about the realities of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict being exploited by malicious actors.[141]
In April 2024, he received an honorary award from President of Israel Isaac Herzog and Minister of Diaspora Affairs Amichai Chikli for being a "friend to the Jewish people and fighting the resurgence of antisemitism" due to his coverage of the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel and the resulting war.[136][142]
In December 2024, Murray accompanied actor Kevin Spacey in his visit to the Israel–Gaza border. They toured areas impacted by the October 7 attacks.[143][144]
On April 10, 2025, Murray appeared on The Joe Rogan Experience alongside Dave Smith to debate the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. During the podcast Smith accused Murray of "selective empathy" for the people of Israel and not the people of Gaza. Murray later criticised Rogan for platforming people who spread conspiracy theories and misinformation.[145][146] Although this was praised by some media outlets, Murray's conduct throughout the debate was criticised on social media.[147][148][149][150][151]
Murray is on the international advisory board of NGO Monitor, a Jerusalem-based NGO described as pro-Israel and right-wing,[152] which was founded in 2001 by professor Gerald M. Steinberg.[153][154][155][156] As of 2022, he was also one of the directors of the Free Speech Union, an organization established by British social commentator Toby Young in 2020 which advocates for freedom of speech, and criticises cancel culture.[157][158]
In March 2025, he won a libel suit against Guardian Media Group as a result of Kenan Malik, a columnist for The Observer, wrongly attributing comments Murray had made months previously to the riots that erupted across Britain following the stabbing of three young girls in the UK in 2024. Murray received an "unreserved apology" and a "substantial" financial judgement.[159]
In August 2025, he won a libel suit that was brought against him by Muslim activist Mohammed Hijab, because Murray said in 2022 that Hijab had inflamed racial tensions in Leicester during riots between Muslim and Hindu communities. The judge ruled that this was “substantially true”.[160][161]
Murray is openly gay.[18] He had a regular partner for 10 years up until 2018.[165]
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